标题 | 通过ADO.NET存取文件 |
内容 | 有时我们需要把一些大的数据对象如图片、可执行文件、视频和文档等数据存入数据库。在MS SQL Server中,这要用到Image数据类型,可以保存多达2G的数据。以下给出一个通过ADO.NET和MS SQL Server实现的小小的例子。 先创建一个测试数据表。 在查询分析器中输入并执行以下语句: Create table [imgtable]( [imgid] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [imgname] [varchar](100) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL, [imgData] [image] NULL, PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [imgid] ) ON [PRIMARY] ) ON [PRIMARY] TEXTIMAGE_ON [PRIMARY] 这要在你所选的数据库中就多了一个名叫imgtable的表。 VS中的代码如下: using System; using System.Drawing; using System.Collections; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.Data; using System.Data.SqlClient; using System.IO; namespace ADO_Demo { /// <summary> /// Form1 的摘要说明。 /// </summary> public class ADO_Demo : System.Windows.Forms.Form { private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button2; private System.Windows.Forms.PictureBox pictureBox1; private System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog openFileDialog1; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button3; /// <summary> /// 必需的设计器变量。 /// </summary> private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null; public ADO_Demo() { // // Windows 窗体设计器支持所必需的 // InitializeComponent(); // // TODO: 在 InitializeComponent 调用后添加任何构造函数代码 // } /// <summary> /// 清理所有正在使用的资源。 /// </summary> protected override void Dispose( bool disposing ) { if( disposing ) { if (components != null) { components.Dispose(); } } base.Dispose( disposing ); } #region Windows 窗体设计器生成的代码 /// <summary> /// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改 /// 此方法的内容。 /// </summary> private void InitializeComponent() { this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.pictureBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.PictureBox(); this.openFileDialog1 = new System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog(); this.button3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.SuspendLayout(); // // button1 // this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(368, 48); this.button1.Name = "button1"; this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(104, 23); this.button1.TabIndex = 0; this.button1.Text = "保存图片"; this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click); // // button2 // this.button2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(368, 120); this.button2.Name = "button2"; this.button2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(104, 23); this.button2.TabIndex = 1; this.button2.Text = "显示图片"; this.button2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button2_Click); // // pictureBox1 // this.pictureBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(8, 16); this.pictureBox1.Name = "pictureBox1"; this.pictureBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(312, 288); this.pictureBox1.TabIndex = 2; this.pictureBox1.TabStop = false; // // openFileDialog1 // this.openFileDialog1.FileOk += new System.ComponentModel.CancelEventHandler(this.openFileDialog1_FileOk); // // button3 // this.button3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(368, 200); this.button3.Name = "button3"; this.button3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(104, 23); this.button3.TabIndex = 1; this.button3.Text = "读取文件并打开"; this.button3.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button3_Click); // // ADO_Demo // this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14); this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(496, 317); this.Controls.Add(this.pictureBox1); this.Controls.Add(this.button2); this.Controls.Add(this.button1); this.Controls.Add(this.button3); this.Name = "ADO_Demo"; this.Text = "ADO_Demo"; this.ResumeLayout(false); } #endregion /// <summary> /// 应用程序的主入口点。 /// </summary> [STAThread] static void Main() { application.Run(new ADO_Demo()); } /// <summary> /// 点击打开文件对话框确定按钮,将文件保存到数据库中 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> private void openFileDialog1_FileOk(object sender, System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs e) { string filename = this.openFileDialog1.FileName; SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection("server=192.168.2.200;integrated security = sspi;database = northwind"); SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("insert imgtable values(@imgname,@imgData)",conn); SqlParameter pm = new SqlParameter("@imgname",SqlDbType.VarChar,100); pm.Value = filename; SqlParameter pm1 = new SqlParameter("@imgData",SqlDbType.Image); FileStream fs = new FileStream(filename,FileMode.Open); int len = (int)fs.Length; byte[] fileData = new byte[len]; fs.Read(fileData,0,len); fs.Close(); pm1.Value = fileData; cmd.Parameters.Add(pm); cmd.Parameters.Add(pm1); conn.Open(); try { cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); } catch(Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message); } } private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e) { this.openFileDialog1.ShowDialog(); } /// <summary> /// 从数据库中读取bitmap图片并显示 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> private void button2_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e) { SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection("server=192.168.2.200;integrated security = sspi;database = northwind"); SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("select * from imgtable where imgname like '%bmp%'",conn); conn.Open(); SqlDataReader dr; try { dr = cmd.ExecuteReader(); dr.Read(); System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlBinary sb = dr.GetSqlBinary(2); //或byte[] imageData = (byte[])dr[2]; MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(sb.Value);//在内存中操作图片数据 Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(Bitmap.FromStream(ms)); this.pictureBox1.Image = bmp; dr.Close(); } catch(Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message); } finally { conn.Close(); } } /// <summary> /// 读取文件并保存到硬盘,然后打开文件 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> private void button3_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e) { SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection("server=192.168.2.200;integrated security = sspi;database = northwind"); SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("select * from imgtable where imgname like '%doc'",conn); conn.Open(); SqlDataReader dr; try { dr = cmd.ExecuteReader(); dr.Read(); System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlBinary sb = dr.GetSqlBinary(2); //或byte[] imageData = (byte[])dr[2]; //FileStream fs = new FileStream(@"C: emp.bmp",FileMode.Create); string filename = @"C:" + System.IO.Path.GetFileName(dr.GetString(1)); FileStream fs = new FileStream(filename,FileMode.Create); fs.Write(sb.Value,0,sb.Value.Length); fs.Close(); //this.pictureBox1.Image = Image.FromFile(@"C: emp.bmp"); System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(filename); dr.Close(); } catch(Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message); } finally { conn.Close(); } } } } 直接把整个文件读取到内存中的数组里对于小文件来说是没问题的,但如果是大文件,特别是大小都超过了物理内存的文件,可能会导致严重的内存问题,需要分段读取,并分段写到数据库。 |
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