| 标题 | 详解VB6实现MUI程序 |
| 内容 | 之前,我负责一个VB6编写的办公自动化系统,要求能在运行时,支持在不同语言间切换(英文,中文,日文,德文,法文和西班牙文);实质就是实现一个VB6的MUI程序. 这个需要的困难在于VB6显示文本的标准控件(Label,Textbox等)不支持Unicode;但字符串在其内部是按Unicode保存的,也就是说VB6本身是支持Unicode的. VB6中,标准控件显示字符串的过程如下: 1) 标准控件先将Unicode字符串转换成ANSI字符串; 2) 标准控件尝试将ANSI字符串转换成其Font.Charset属性中指定的字符集格式的字符串;如果转换失败,则显示为问号(?). 具体可参照:Display Unicode Strings in Visual Basic 6.0. 因此,实现MUI程序的思路有两种: 1) 将标准控件替换为能支持Unicode的控件; 2) 将资源文件中不同字符集的文本,转换为ANSI格式,提供给标准控件使用; 第1)种方式可用 Forms 2.0 (fm20.dll); 第2)种方式,我在网上找到两篇文章,但各有不足: a) Auto-Detect Language and Display Unicode in VB6 TextBox and Label Controls; ChilkatCharset2控件需购买,具对日文的一些标点符号(如全角句号)不支持. b) How To Convert from ANSI to Unicode & Unicode to ANSI for OLE 没有测试成功. 下面,着重介绍我自己认为比较成功的实现,它使用了ADODB.Stream(msado25.tlb);其实现思路如下: 1) 将程序中用到的文本保存为Unicode格式的资源文件中; 之所以将资源文本保存为双字节的Unicode格式,而非Utf8或Utf7格式,可省去从其它格式向VB6支持的Unicode格式转换过程. 2) 将显示文本的标准控件的Font.Charset,设置为程序要显示语言所对应的字符集,并设置一种支持这种字符集的字体到Font.Name属性 If g_Str.NumJapanese > 0 Then charset = "Shift_JIS" Text1.Font.Name = "MS UI Gothic" Text1.Font.charset = 128 ElseIf g_Str.NumKorean > 0 Then charset = "ks_c_5601-1987" Text1.Font.Name = "GulimChe" Text1.Font.charset = 129 ElseIf g_Str.NumCentralEuro > 0 Then charset = "windows-1250" Text1.Font.Name = "Arial" Text1.Font.charset = 238 ElseIf g_Str.NumArabic > 0 Then charset = "windows-1256" Text1.Font.Name = "Traditional Arabic" Text1.Font.charset = 178 ElseIf g_Str.NumHebrew > 0 Then charset = "windows-1255" Text1.Font.Name = "David" Text1.Font.charset = 177 ElseIf g_Str.NumCyrillic > 0 Then charset = "windows-1251" Text1.Font.Name = "Arial" Text1.Font.charset = 204 ElseIf g_Str.NumGreek > 0 Then charset = "windows-1253" Text1.Font.Name = "Arial" Text1.Font.charset = 161 ElseIf g_Str.NumThai > 0 Then charset = "windows-874" Text1.Font.Name = "Angsana New" Text1.Font.charset = 222 ElseIf g_Str.NumChinese > 0 Then charset = "gb2312" Text1.Font.Name = "SimSun" Text1.Font.charset = 134 ' An alternative is to use Big5: ' Text1.Font.Name = "MingLiu" 'charset = "big5" 'fontCh = 136 Else charset = "windows-1252" Text1.Font.charset = 0 Text1.Font.Name = "Arial" End If 3) 根据要显示的语言,利用ADODB.Stream将资源文件中Unicode格式保存的字符串转换成操作系统的区域语言(Locale)支持字符集的字符串; ' 调用API来获取操作系统默认的区域语言设置(LocaleID) Private Declare Function GetSystemDefaultLCID Lib "kernel32" () As Long ' 将Unicode字符串,转换为指定字符集的字节数组; ' 用于转换用资源文件中读取的文本; Public Function ConvertStringToBytes(ByRef strText As String, charset As String) As Byte() Dim objStream As ADODB.Stream Dim data() As Byte ' init stream Set objStream = New ADODB.Stream objStream.charset = charset objStream.Mode = adModeReadWrite objStream.Type = adTypeText objStream.Open ' write bytes into stream objStream.WriteText strText objStream.Flush ' rewind stream and read text objStream.Position = 0 objStream.Type = adTypeBinary ' objStream.Read 3 ' skip first 3 bytes as this is the utf-8 marker data = objStream.Read() ' close up and return objStream.Close ConvertStringToUtf8Bytes = data End Function ' 转换为指定字符集的字节数组,转换为ANSI(即LocaleID)对应的字符集的字符串; ' 用于将ConvertStringToBytes()返回的字节数组转换为GetCharset()字符集的字符串. Public Function ConvertBytesToString(ByRef data() As Byte, charset As String) As String Dim objStream As ADODB.Stream Dim strTmp As String ' init stream Set objStream = New ADODB.Stream objStream.charset = charset objStream.Mode = adModeReadWrite objStream.Type = adTypeBinary objStream.Open ' write bytes into stream objStream.Write data objStream.Flush ' rewind stream and read text objStream.Position = 0 objStream.Type = adTypeText strTmp = objStream.ReadText ' close up and return objStream.Close ConvertUtf8BytesToString = strTmp End Function '获取操作系统默认区域语言对应的字符集 Public Function GetCharset() As String Dim localeId As Long Dim charset As String ' 获取操作系统的LocaleId localeId = GetSystemDefaultLCID() Select Case localeId Case 1033 charset = "windows-1252" Case 2052 charset = "gb2312" Case 1041 charset = "Shift_JIS" Case Else charset = "windows-1252" End Select GetCharset = charset End Function '显示资源文本中的文本 Private Sub DisplayText(filename As String) '保存资源文本中的文本的变量 Dim textBytes As Variant Dim f As New FileSystemObject Dim fs As TextStream '将Unicode文本读取到变量中 Set fs = f.OpenTextFile(filename, ForReading, False, TristateTrue) Do While Not fs.AtEndOfStream textBytes = fs.ReadAll Loop fs.Close ' Convert to a Unicode string: Dim s As String s = textBytes Dim t As Long ' CkString是免费的第三方组件,可自动判定一个字符串所对应的字符集 ' 下载地址:http://www.chilkatsoft.com/download/CkString.zip Dim g_Str As New CkString g_Str.Str = s '获取资源文本所代表的字符集名称,设置对应的字体和字符集到textbox上 Dim charset As String If g_Str.NumJapanese > 0 Then '日文 charset = "Shift_JIS" Text1.Font.Name = "MS UI Gothic" Text1.Font.charset = 128 ElseIf g_Str.NumKorean > 0 Then '韩语 charset = "ks_c_5601-1987" Text1.Font.Name = "GulimChe" Text1.Font.charset = 129 ElseIf g_Str.NumCentralEuro > 0 Then '中欧语言 charset = "windows-1250" Text1.Font.Name = "Arial" Text1.Font.charset = 238 ElseIf g_Str.NumArabic > 0 Then '阿拉伯语 charset = "windows-1256" Text1.Font.Name = "Traditional Arabic" Text1.Font.charset = 178 ElseIf g_Str.NumGreek > 0 Then '希腊语 charset = "windows-1253" Text1.Font.Name = "Arial" Text1.Font.charset = 161 ElseIf g_Str.NumThai > 0 Then '泰语 charset = "windows-874" Text1.Font.Name = "Angsana New" Text1.Font.charset = 222 ElseIf g_Str.NumChinese > 0 Then '中文 charset = "gb2312" Text1.Font.Name = "SimSun" Text1.Font.charset = 134 ' 繁体则使用Big5: ' Text1.Font.Name = "MingLiu" 'charset = "big5" 'Text1.Font.charset = 136 Else '默认值 charset = "windows-1252" Text1.Font.charset = 0 Text1.Font.Name = "Arial" End If Dim bytes() As Byte Dim g_OSCharset As String '获取操作系统默认语言对应的字符集 g_OSCharset = GetCharset() '先将Unicode资源文本转换成对应的字节数组; bytes = ConvertStringToBytes(s, charset) '将字节数组转换成ANSI(即默认字符集)对应的字符串 vbstr2 = ConvertBytesToString(bytes, g_OSCharset) ' 设置字符串到VB6的标准控件中 Me.Text1.Text = vbstr2 End Sub |
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