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标题 初中英语知识点总结:宾语从句
内容
    知识点总结
    在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。学习宾语从句要抓住三要素:引导词、语序和时态。
    一、.引导词
    1.从句为陈述句,常选择引导词that,that引导宾语从句无意义,不充当句子成分常省略。例句:He told us (that) they would help us through the whole work.
    2.从句为一般疑问句,常选择引导词if或whether,表示“是否”。在 whether … or not 结构中不能用 if 替换。例句:I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.
    3. 从句为特殊疑问句,常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代词、副词作引导词。 例句:He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
    二、判断时态情况:
    1.主句是一般现在时,从句可以为各种时态。   
    2.主句是一般过去时,从句要用相应过去时态。
    注意:从句描绘客观事实、真理、自然现象等,从句时态不受主句时态限制,仍用一般现在时。
    例句:He answered that he was listening to me.
    Father told me that practice makes perfect .
    三、宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序
    陈述句语序,就是主语在前,谓语动词在后。  
    错误: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.  
    正确: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.
    注意:宾语从句的否定转移
    主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.  例如; I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.
    常见考法
    对于宾语从句的考查,多以单选的形式考查学生灵活运用的能力。一般情况下,常从引导词的选择、时态的一致性及从句的陈述语序方面考查。
    典型例题:Please tell me ______ last year.
    A.where does your sister work     B. where did your sister work
    C .where your sister works     D. where your sister worked
    解析:本题考查对宾语从句的掌握。宾语从句要用陈述语序,所以排除A和 B;last year 表示过去时 ,所以排除 C 。
    答案:D
    误区提醒
    宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序 ,但要注意当疑问词为主语时,句式为:疑问词+谓语+其他 ,问句和陈述句语序一样。
    典型例题:I didn't know ?
    A. What wrong was with her     B.what was wrong with her
    C .what wrong is with her      D.what is wrong with her
    解析:主句是一般过去时,从句要用相应过去时态,所以排除C和D;在what was wrong with her中,what作主语,所以问句本身又是陈述句语序,不用变化。
    答案: B
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更新时间:2025/5/16 17:21:15