| 标题 | 成人英语学位英语考试讲义(六) |
| 内容 | 四、定语从句 1）Before her marriage, she spent a considerable time in that very part of Shanghai,______she belong.（1998.6） A.Which B.to where C.to which D.at which 2）The investigation______will soon be published, was made by John.（1998.6） A.at which the results B.the results on which C.whose results D.at whose results. 3）My vacation begins next Tuesday,______I will leave for Florida.（1999.6） A.which B.that C.while D.when 4）This is the sportsman whom everyone says will win the A B C first prize at the Winter Olympic Games.（1999.6） D 5）The United States is composed of fifty states, A two of those are separated from the others by land or water. B C D （2000.6） 6）A curve is a line______ no part is straight and which has no angle.（2001.6） A.that B.whose C.in which D.of which 7）I will not forget the ten years______ we both spent in the little village.（2001.6） A.when B.during which C.which D.in which 8）The grass______ many animals live is abundant here.（2003.4） A.by which B.with which C.on which D.of which 9）______is known to all, too much smoking will cause lung cancer.（2003.11） A.That B.It C.As D.What 10）The seventeenth century was one which many significant A advances were made in both science and philosophy.（2003.11） B C D 11）Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others,______ ,of course, made the others jealous. （2005.4） A.who B.what C.that D.which 12）The way which the different kinds of rock lie on A B one another helps to tell the story of long ago.（2005.4） C D 「**」CCDBB DCCCA DA 「评析 从以上各题可以看出，定语从句的考查还是集中在关系词的选择，虽然也有关系词最一般的用法，但更多的是对特殊关系词的考查。总的说来有以下几点需要注意： ① 关系词的使用：一看先行词，二看关系词在从句中的作用。关系词的选择依据在于从句中所作的成分，先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）；先行词在从句中作状语时，应选择关系副词（where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语），如3）和7）。 7）I will not forget the ten years______ we both spent in the little village. A.when B.during which C.which D.in which **：C （虽然先行词时为表示时间的词汇the ten years，但是the ten yeas在后面的定语从句中作spent的宾语，因此应当用关系代词which来引导这个定语从句，而不是关系副词when.） 3）My vacation begins next Tuesday,______ I will leave for Florida.（1999.6） A.which B.that C.while D.when **：D （先行词next Tuesday在后面的定语从句中作状语，因此应当用关系副词when来引导这个定语从句。） 在此基础上熟记几个常用的固定句式，如： the same … as such … as 当看到先行词前有the same 或such修饰时，可直接从选项中找as，选择就变得比较简单，这时用不着考虑先行词是人还是物。 ② 关系词在句中作定语，应当用关系词whose，如2）： 2）The investigation______ will soon be published, was made by John.（1998.6） A.at which the results B.the results on which C.whose results D.at whose results. **：C 同学们应该熟悉关系词作定语时的各种变体，作定语的关系词可有以下变体，试比较： the office whose windows are broken the office the windows of which are broken the office of which the windows are broken 上面的6）题就属于the windows of which这种形式： 6）A curve is a line______ no part is straight and which has no angle. A.that B.whose C.in which D.of which **：D 先行词是人时，同样也可有这三种形式，如： the professor whose car was stolen the professor the car of whom was stolen the professor of whom the car was stolen ③注意"介词 + which/whom"的结构作关系词 从三级考试对定语从句的测试来看，主要考查的是介词的选择。"介词 + which/whom"主要有以下几种情况： A. 介词是句中短语搭配的一部分，如1）和8）： 1）Before her marriage, she spent a considerable time in that very part of Shanghai,she belong.（1998.6） A.Which B.to where C.to which D.at which **：C （"属于"要用belong to，关系代词在句中作宾语，同时定语从句以介词结尾，因此把介词提前，形成to which she belong的结构。 ） 8）The grass______many animals live is abundant here.（2003.4） A.by which B.with which C.on which D.of which **：C 再如： We need a chairman ______. A.for whom everyone has confidence B.in whom everyone has confidence C.who everyone has confidence of D.whom everyone has confidence on **：B （表示"信任某人"要用have confidence in somebody，所以作定语，应该用a chairman in whom … has confidence.） B."部分 + of + 整体名词"的结构，该结构作关系词也就是 "部分名词 + of which/whom"的结构。 该结构的使用应注意两点，一是注意定语从句与并列句的分别，如： 5）The United States is composed of fifty states, 语教育网版权所有www.for68.com A two of those are separated from the others by land or water. B C D （2000.6） **：B 再如： He invited many scientists to his birthday party, many of ______ were his old classmates. A.whom B.them C.which D.that **：A 这里很自然地会有many of whom 与many of them的选择。 C.在大多数情况下，要看关系词与先行词之间的关系，以确定选择什么样的介词，如10）： 10）The seventeenth century was one which many significant A advances were made in both science and philosophy.（2003.11） B C D **：A ④ 注意as引导的非限制性定语从句的用法 as引导非限制性定语从句时，可置于句首，也可置于句尾，表示"正如……".如9）： 9）______is known to all, too much smoking will cause lung cancer.（2003.11） A.That B.It C.As D.What **：C 再如：The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things,______ is often the case in other countries. A.as B.what C.so D.that **：A ______ might be expected, the response to the question was very mixed. A.As B.That C.It D.What **：A 一般as引导定语从句时，其先行词为整个主句。which引导非限制性定语从句，其先行词也可以是主句或主句中的一部分。 ⑤ 注意先行词为时间、地点或原因时，关系词的选用。如果用when, where 或why，关系词在从句中应该是作状语，否则的话则应该用which/that等。如上面7）中： 7）I will not forget the ten years______we both spent in the little village.（2001.6） A.when B.during which C.which D.in which [答疑编号10010614：针对该题提问] **：C 先行词作spent的宾语，只能用which. 再如： I've never been to Beijing, but it is the place ______. A.where I'd like to visit B.in which I'd like to visit C.I most want to visit D.that I want to visit it most **：D 先行词在从句中visit的宾语，关系词不能用where，而只能是that/which. ⑥注意定语从句与同位语从句的区别。如： There are signs ______ restaurants are becoming more popular with families. A.that B.which C.in which D.whose **：A 由于signs与后面的restaurants没有修饰和被修饰关系，所以whose不对，如果是定语从句，关系词代替signs，而从 |
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