高三英语有关知识点


    学习是把知识能力思维方法等转化为你的私有产权的重要手段,是“公有转私”的重要途径。你的一生,无法离开学习,学习是你最忠实的朋友,它会听你的召唤,它会帮助你走向一个又一个成功。以下是小编给大家整理的高三英语有关知识点,希望大家能够喜欢!
    高三英语有关知识点1
    Happy Christmas?
    英语可说happy Christmas 吗?请看这样一道题:
    —__________ Christmas!
    —Same __________ you.
    A. Merry, as B. Merry, on C. Happy, as D. Happy, to
    此题应选 D。容易误选A,B。错误思维是:
    1. 可以说 Happy new year, 但必须说 Merry Christmas.
    2. the same as, the same...as 是固定搭配。
    关于第2点,比较好解释,因为(The) Same to you. 是口语惯用语,回答祝愿,其意为“也祝你……”。
    而第1点搞错的人就很多了,不少人都想当然地认为不能像Happy New Year, Happy birthday那样用Happy Christmas, 其实这是一种典型的想当然错误,请看有关_词书的实例。如:
    1. 大家熟悉的《朗文当代英语词典》(1987年版)就多处出现 Happy Christmas 的用例。如:
    1)Happy Christmas. (p. 476,happy词条)
    2)"Happy Christmas. " "Same to you. " (p. 925 same 词条)
    2. 又如章振邦教授主编的两本英语语法著作。如:
    1)Happy Christmas. 《新编英语语法教程》(p. 459)
    2)A Happy Christmas to all. 《新编英语语法》(上册p. 183)
    3. 再如《英语学习》杂志,1992年第7期p. 17的一段对话中,多次将 Happy Christmas 与 Merry Christmas 交替使用。
    4. 如果你是一个层次稍高的英语学习者,你可能会读过杨岂深教授主编的《英国文学选读》(Book 3),如果你细心的话,你会发现该书 ANGLO-SAXON ATTITUDES 一文里,也在多次交替使用 Happy Christmas 和 Merry Christmas。
    高三英语有关知识点2
    (1)—How about coming to my house?
    —I’d love to if it doesn’t give you so much trouble.
    在hope, like, love, promise, want, wish等词后作宾语的不定式常省略。再如:
    You may go if you want to.
    She can get a job if she hopes to.
    —How about going hunting with me tomorrow?
    —I’d like to, but I have no time.
    (2)Don’t close the window until I ask you to.
    在allow, ask, tell 等词后作宾语补足语的不定式常省略。再如:
    Don’t touch the light unless your mother allows you to.
    Don’t plant potatoes until the peasant tells you to.
    (3)He didn’t want to hand in his composition, but he had to.
    在be able to, be going to, have to, need to, enough to, used to等后的不定式需省略。再如:
    I don’t sing much, now, but I used to a lot.
    If you don’t want to say anything at the meeting, you don’t need to.
    She didn’t go out last night, because she was afraid to.
    在afraid, glad, happy, pleased, sorry等词后作状语的不定式常省略。再如:—Will you go with me to see the film tonight?
    —I’ll be glad to
    高三英语有关知识点3
    1、 at
    如: 常用词组有: at noon, at night
    表示时间的 at, in, on:表示片刻的时间,at 8 o’clock,at midnight, at the end of, at that time, at the beginning of, at the age of, at Christmas, at New Year 等。
    in 表示一段的时间
    如:in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, in October, in 1998, in summer, in the past, in the future 等。
    on 总是跟日子有关,on Monday, on Christmas morning, on the following, on May Day, on a warm morning 等。
    2、表示时间的 since 和 from:since 表示从过去到现在的一段时间的过程,常与现在完成时连用:from 表示从时间的某一点开始,不涉及与现在的关系。一般多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用。
    如:I hope to do morning exercises from today./ We have not seen each other since 1995.
    3、表示时间的 in 和 after:两者都表示“在(某个时间)之后,区别在于in表示“在(一段时间)之后” ,而 after 则表示“在(某一具体时间点之后),in 短语和将来时态连用,after 短语和过去时态或将来时态连用。
    如:We’ll be back in three days.
    After seven the rain began to fall.
    What shall we do after graduation?
    After two months he returned. 注意:after 有时也可以表示在一段时间之后(常用在过去时里)
    4、表示地理位置的 in, on, to:in 表示在某范围内,on 指与什么毗邻,to 指在某环境范围之外
    如:Changchun is in the northeast of China./ Mongolia is on the north of China./ Japan is tothe east of China.
    5、表示“在……上”的 on 和 in:on 只表示在某物的表面上,而用 in 表示占去某物一部分,表示……上
    如:There is a book on the piece of paper./ There is an interesting article in the newspaper./ He dug a hole in the wall.
    6、表示“穿过……”的 through 和 across:through 表示从内部通过,与 in 有关;across 表示“穿过……”,表示从一端至另一端在表面上的通过,与 on 有关。
    如:Water flows through the pipe./ The old man walked across the street.
    7、in the corner, on the corner, at the corner:in the corn 表示在落,in 指角的内面;on the corner 表示“在角上” ,on 指的不是内面,也不是外面,而含内外兼有之意;at the corner指“在拐角处” 指的是拐角外附近的外面。
    如:The lamp stands in the corner of the room./ I met at with him at the street corner./ He sat on the corner of the table.
    8、in the end, at the end of, by the end of:in the end 作“最后”“终于”解,可单独使用,后不接介词 of;at the end of 表示“在……末梢”“到……尽头” ,既可指时间,也可以指地上或物体。不可单独使用;by the end of 作“在……结束时”“到……末为止”解,只能指时间,不可单独使用。
    如:In the end they reached a place of safety./ At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden./ They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week./ by the
    end of last month he had finished the novel
    9、表示“关于”的 about 和 on:两者都有“关于”的意思,不过前者为一般用词,而后者表示“关于” ,为较正式的 “论述”
    如:He came to tell me about something important./ He wrote a book on science
    10、between, among:一般说来,between 表示两者之间,among用于三者或三者以上的中间。
    如:You are to sit between your father and me./ He is always happy among his classmates.
    注意:但有时说的虽然是三个以上的人或东西,如果强调的是两两相互间接关系,适用于between。
    如:Agreements were made between the different countries. 在谈到一些事物或一组事物,
    而把它们视为分居两边时用 between。
    如:The little valley lies between high mountains.
    在谈事物 间的差别时,总是用 between。
    如:They don’t know the difference between wheat, coats and barley.
    11、besides, except, but, except for:
    besides 指除了……还有
    如:All went out besides me
    except 指“除了,减去什么” ,不能放在句首。
    如:All went out except me.
    but 与 except 意思近似,表示“除了……外”经常用在 no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything 等和其他疑 问词后面。
    如:I never saw him reading anything but the newspaper.;
    except for 表示“如无……就, 只是”表明理由细节。
    如:His diary is good except for a few spelling mistakes.
    12、表示“用”的 in 和 with:表示工具的“用” 、表示“ ,用 with,而表示材料、方式、方法、度量、单位、语言、声音等的 “用” 用 in。
    如:He is writing a letter with a pen./ He wrote the letter in pencil
    We measured it in pounds./ Read the text in a loud voice./ Tell me the story in English.
    13、charge of 和 in the charge of:in 两者都表示 “由谁负责、照顾、管理” 区别在于: charge of 后接被照管的人或物, in the charge of 后面则跟照管的人。
    如:Who is in charge of the project
    The project is in the charge of an engineer
    14、as, like:as 作“作为”“以……地位或身份”解。
    如:Let me speak to you as a father.(事实是父亲)
    like 作“象……一样”解
    如:Let me speak to you like a father.(事实上不是父亲)
    15、in front of 和 in the front of:in front of = before,是“在……前面”的意思(不在某物内)
    in the front of 则是“在……前部”的意思(在某物内)
    如:There is a desk in front of the blackboard./ The boy sat in the front of the car.
    16、in, into:into 表示动向,不表示目的地或位置。
    如:We walked into the park.;in 通常表示位置。
    We walked in the park;
    in 和 drop, fall, put, throw, break 等终止性动词连用时,也可以表示动向。
    如:I have put the coin in (into) my pocket.我把硬币放进衣袋。