高中英语的语法知识总结
关于任何事物的知识都有五个层次或者要素：事物的名称、定义、形象，有关事物的智识或者知识，以及事物本身——这才是知识的真正目标。下面小编给大家分享一些高中英语的语法知识总结，希望能够帮助大家，欢迎阅读!
高中英语的语法知识1
倒装句语法知识点
疑问句和特殊疑问句要倒装
Are you cold?
Does he go to school by bike?
注意：若疑问词在句中作主语或主语的定语时，不倒装。
Who is your English teacher?
Whose father is a worker?
There be 句型
在There+助动词/情态动词+be+主语+地点/时间的句型中，主语在谓语be动词后面，因此这是倒装。
There is a mobile phone and some books on the desk.
桌上有一个手机和一些书。
There are thousands of people gathering on the square.
广场上聚集着成千上万的人
注意 ：引导词there 还可以接appear,exist, lie, remain, seem, stand, live 等词。
There lived an old fisherman in the village.
村里住着一位老渔夫。
There stand two white houses by the river.
河滨矗立着两座白房子。
There existed some doubt among the students.
学生中有些怀疑。
直接引语在句首
“May I come in and take a rest?” asked the poor girl.
“Get out of the room!” shouted the angry woman.
虚拟条件句的倒装
当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had, were, should等时，如将if省略，则要将had, were, should等移到主语前，构成倒装句：
Had you come yesterday, you would have seen him.
若你昨天来，你就会见到他了。
Should you require anything give me a ring.
如果需要什么，可以给我打电话。
Were it not for your help, I would still be homeless.
要不是你帮助，我会仍然无家可归。
注意：省略if后提前的had不一定是助动词
Had I money, I would buy it. 假若我有钱，我就会买它。
全部倒装
全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。
1) here, there, now,then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be,come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。
例如：
Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。
Here is your letter. 你的信。
2)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，以out, in, up, down, off, away等副词开头，谓语动词是表示“移动”的go, come, leave等句子里。
例如：
Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老妪。
Down went the small boat. 小船沉下去了。
注意:在完全倒装的结构里,如果主语是人称代词,则用正常语序。
3)表示地点的介词词组位于句首，谓语动词是表示“存在”之意的be, lie, stand, exist等句子中。
South of the lake lies a big supermarket.
湖泊的南边是一个大超市。
20 miles east of our school lies a modern swimming pool.
我们学校向东20英里有一个现代化的游泳池。
4) 在there be或者there live(stand, appear, seem, remain, exist….) 句型中。
部分倒装
1.句首为否定或半否定的副词或连词。
如no, not,never, seldom, little, hardly, scarcely, rarely, at no time决不, by no means, on no account, inno case, many a time, under no circumstances, in no way, many a time, not until… 等。
例如：
He cares little about his clothes.
= Little does he care about his clothes.
他不在乎穿着。
I have never seen him before.
= Never have I seen him before.
= Never before have I seen him.
我以前没见过他。
The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.
= Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
孩子睡着了，妈妈才离开房间。
(Not until引出的主从复合句中，主句倒装，从句不倒装。即：后倒前不倒。注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。)
例如：
Churchill was not only a statesman, but a poet.
= Not only was Churchill a statesman, but a poet.
丘吉尔不仅是个政治家，而且还是个诗人。
I shall by no means give up.
= By no means shall I give up. 我决不放弃。
必背：表示“刚……就……的倒装结构
Hardly had he started to leave when it began to rain.
他刚要离开，天就下起了雨。
Scarcely had he sat down when his mobilephone rang.
他刚坐下，手机就响了。
No sooner had he handed in his paper than he realized his mistakes.
他刚交卷就意识到出错了。
Seldom is my son late for school.我儿子上学几乎不迟到。
In no case should you touch it.无论如何你都不能碰它。
2.以否定连词开头作部分倒装
如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than等，前倒后不倒。例如：
Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人。
Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。
No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。
3. so, neither, nor作部分倒装
表示另一主语“也…样”时，用“So +be(have,助动词或情态动词)+主语”结构;而表示另一主语“也不…样”时，用“NorNeither + be(have,助动词或情态动词)+主语”结构。
例如：
Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。
If you won't go, neither will I. 你不去，我也不去。
She won’t go. Neither/Nor will I.
她不走，我也不。
注意：如果前面所说的内容既有肯定又有否定，或前后的谓语动词形式不一致时，用“It is the same with +主语”结构或用“So it is with +主语”结构。
4.only+状语在句首倒装的情况。
only+副词;或介词短语;或状语从句时，主句倒装。
例如：
Only then did I see life was not easy.只有那时我才知道生活是不易的。
Only in this way, can you learn English well. 只有这样，你才能学好英语。(only+介词短语)
Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 叫了三次，他才来参加会议。
Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.(only+副词)
Only when it began to rain did he finish his job.(only+状语从句)
注：如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。
例如：
Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得狠重时，他才卧床休息。
5. so… that，such…that引导的结果状语从句中，部分倒装。当so位于句首时，用”so +adj. + 主语+谓语”。
例如：
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 他害怕得很，动也不敢动。
So difficult was the exam that most of the students failed to pass it. 考试如此难，以至于大多数同学没能考过。
So stingy is she that none of us likes her.她太小气，没人喜欢她。
6. so作“也”讲时，引导的句子用倒装语序，表示前面所说的肯定情况也适用于另一人(或物)。其句型是：So + be(have，助动词或情态动词)+主语
She has been to Tokyo. So have I.
她去过东京，我也去过。
He can send emails to his former classmates. So can she.
他能电子邮件给以前的同学，她也能。
7. as, though引导的部分倒装
as / though引导的让步从句由于语法需要，可将表语或状语提前(形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前)。
但需注意：
1)句首名词不能带任何冠词。
2)句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
例如：
Shortest as/though she is, she is not the richest.(倒装后，最高级前不用冠词)
Child as he is, he knows a lot.(倒装后，单数名词前不用a)
Fail as I did, I would try again.(倒装后，实义动词提前，在主语后添加助动词。)
注意：让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。
当as作“虽然”解，引导让步状语从句时，必须将表语、状语或动词原形提到as前面。
句子的倒装语序有以下三种形式：
(1). 形容词或副词+as+主语+连系动词be或实义动词。
例如：
Rich as he is, he never spends a cent on clothes.
虽然他很富有，但他从不花一分钱在衣服上。
Much as I admire his courage, I don’t think he acted wisely.
我虽然佩服他的勇气，但我认为他这样做是不聪明的。
(2). 名词+as+主语+连系动词be (注意句首的名词不带冠词)。
例如：
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
尽管他是个孩子，但懂很多事情。
Boy as he was, he was chosen king.
尽管他还是个孩子，但却被立为国王。
(3). 实义动词+as+主语+助动词[如果没有助动词，则要加上一个do(does或did)]。
例如：
Try as he may, he never succeeds.
尽管他很努力，但总是不成功。
Change your mind as you will, you will gain no additional support.
即使你改变主意，你也不会得到另外的支持。
8.一些表示频率的副词(如many a time, often等)位于句首时。
I have seen her taking a walk alone many a time.
Many a time have I seen her taking a walk alone.
我多次看到她独自一人在散步。
She often came to my house in the past.
Often did she come to my house in the past.
过去她常到我家来。
高中英语的语法知识2
英语修饰词，强调词
什么是修饰语?
和限定词一样，修饰语修饰句子的意思。它们根据说话者的意图改变其意思。修饰语是帮助你描述意思的最广泛的一类词。因此，它们可以是所有类型的词类，如形容词、形容词从句、副词、副词从句、绝对短语、不定式短语、分词短语和介词短语。如果使用得当，修饰语可以使任何句子更吸引人，更详细，更有趣的读者。修饰语给读者更多的信息，创造一个更完整的情况。
例：
Amy gathered ingredients.
艾米收集原料。
例：
Young Amy, who just wanted to eat her favorite dessert to reward herself, enthusiastically gathered ingredients for a cake from the kitchen pantry, sneaking bits of sugar and chocolate as she left a trail of flour on the kitchen table and floor, a situation requiring her mother to spend so much time cleaning up that she couldn’t help Amy bake the cake.
年轻的艾米只想吃她最喜欢的甜点来奖励自己，她从厨房的餐具室里热情地收集蛋糕的配料，偷偷地在厨房的桌子和地板上留下一小片面粉，同时还偷了一些糖和巧克力，这种情况要求她母亲花太多时间打扫卫生，以致于她无法帮助艾米烤蛋糕。
上面这句话虽然很长，但比第一句讲的故事要多得多。它也更有趣的阅读，使你可能想知道更多的情况。
艾米为什么要奖励自己?为什么她妈妈不帮她收集配料?该句子还包含以下每种类型的修饰语中的至少一种，如下所述。
形容词(形容名词或代词)：young
年轻
形容词从句(用作形容词的描述性短语)：
who just wanted to eat her favorite dessert
只想吃她最喜欢的甜点的人
不定式短语(以不定式开头或后跟动词的描述性短语)：
to reward herself
奖励自己
副词(形容形容词或动词)：
enthusiastically
热情地
介词短语(以介词开头的描述性短语，青蛙可以对原木做的事情，如sit on, in, 或 on top of it)：
from the kitchen pantry
来自厨房的餐具室
分词短语(以形容词形式的动词开头的描述性短语，通常以-ing或-ed结尾)：
Sneaking bits of sugar and chocolate
偷一点糖和巧克力
状语从句(一种做副词的描绘性短语)：
She left a trail of flour on the kitchen table and floor.
她在厨房的桌子和地板上留下面粉痕迹。
绝对短语(附在句子上的不带连词的描述性短语，经常修改整句话的意思)：
Her mother to spend so much time cleaning up that she couldn’t help Amy bake the cake.
母亲花大量时间清理，她无法帮助艾米烤蛋糕。
从上面的每个修饰语可以看出，它们可以放在句子的任何部分来修饰任何类型的单词或短语。
形容词和副词总是出现在它们所修饰的词或短语的前面，但除此之外，大多数修饰语都可以放在它们听起来最好的地方，它们将要修饰的东西最清楚的地方。
什么是限定词?
限定词是修饰语的一个子组，可以是副词，可以是单词或短语，通过限制动词来改变动词的意义。
不要说 Pam was working，这意味着Pam正在工作，你可以通过说 Pam was hardly working，来限制你描述的工作量。第二句几乎没有限定词，它的意思与第一句完全不同。在这种情况下，Pam做的工作比以前少得多。
限定词的一般用途是表示怀疑，或者限定你所说的话。你可以限制你所改变的动词和形容词的意义，如果你还没有足够的词汇量，这将非常有用。把这些限定词放在你想描述的动词或形容词前面。
下面列出了一些非常常见的限定符：
减轻某事的影响：
May/Might/Maybe/May be/Might/Could/Kind of/Sort of/Somewhat/Slightly
可能/也许/也许是/有点/稍微有点
例：
I might be going to Italy in June with my cousins, but I’m not sure yet.
我可能六月份和我的表兄弟们去意大利，但我还不确定。
The rain could fall, but the sun is out to it is hard to predict.
雨可能会下，但太阳出来了，很难预测。
Katie kind of wants to go to Disneyland, but she is afraid to ask her parents to take her.
凯蒂有点想去迪斯尼乐园，但她不敢让父母带她去。
一个较小的数字
Few/Not many/A small number/A minority/Some
少/不多/少数/少数
例：
A minority of voters approve of the new legislation that is being considered.
少数选民赞成正在考虑的新立法。
Few students enjoy learning from reading books, as they would prefer to try different things and learn by experimentation.
很少有学生喜欢从读书中学习，因为他们更喜欢尝试不同的东西，通过实验来学习。
I would like some peas, please.
请给我一些豌豆。
某事不会比它发生得更频繁，或者比你期望的要少
Hardly/Hardly ever/Rarely/Infrequently/Seldom/Sporadically/Scarcely/For a short time
很少/偶尔/几乎没有/短时间内
例：
This is scarcely the time to be doubting our plans, Harry.
哈利，现在几乎不是怀疑我们计划的时候。
It hardly ever rains here, so if you draw lines in the sand, you can come back and see them years later.
这里几乎从不下雨，所以如果你在沙地上画线，你可以在几年后回来看。
The ice cream truck rarely comes by our neighborhood, but is very popular when it does.
冰淇淋车很少经过我们附近，但很受欢迎。
To create doubt
表示怀疑
Unlikely/Improbable/Doubtful/Possibly/Probably/Not likely/Undecidedly/Apparently
不可能/可疑/可能/不可能/不确定/明显不可能/不可能/也许/不可能/不确定/明显
例：
To answer your question, it is highly unlikely that Cassie will be picked for the position.
回答你的问题，凯西被选上这个职位的可能性很小。
Don’t get your hopes up because your design is not likely to be selected.
不要因为你的设计不太可能被选中而抱有希望。
The doctor will probably have some time to see you in the afternoon, so come when you are available.
下午医生可能有时间来看你，有空的时候来。
To make generalizations, or talk about multiple things that are related, but not the same
概括，或谈论多种相关但不相同的事情
Basically/Essentially/Generally/Pretty/Rather/Virtually
基本上/大体上/一般地/漂亮/相当于/实际上
例：
“Traveling in the different countries in Asia is basically the same,” said John, who had never been to any of the countries in Asia.
从未去过亚洲任何一个国家的约翰说：“在亚洲的不同国家旅行基本上是一样的。”
Essentially, the point of the festival is to celebrate the great things that have happened in the past year.
从本质上讲，节日的意义在于庆祝过去一年发生的大事。
Virtually every tournament only lets boys compete, probably because everyone is afraid to be beaten by a girl.
几乎每场比赛都只让男孩参加，可能是因为每个人都害怕被女孩打败。
限定词不限于以上列表，可以是长短语，也可以是单个单词。
什么是强调词?
强调词是另一类特殊的修饰语。它们具有与限定词相反的效果，并加强(而不是削弱)它们修改的单词和短语的含义。
They are either positive (like very) or negative (like definitely not).
它们要么是积极的(像非常)要么是消极的(像绝对不是)。这两类强调词的例子如下：
肯定强调词
Very/Extremely/Absolutely/Completely/Greatly/Too/So/Totally/Utterly/Highly/Rather/Really/Exceptionally/Particularly/Seriously/Quite (in American, but not British, English)/Awfully (be careful: awful means very bad, but awfully usually describes some great, like The cake was awfully delicious!)
非常的/绝对的/完全的/非常的/太多的/所以的/完全的/程度高的/相当的/非常的/特别的/认真的/相当的(在美国，但不是英国，英语)/Awfully(小心：awful 的意思是非常糟糕，但是awfully通常描述一些伟大的，如 The cake was awfully delicious! 蛋糕是非常美味的!)
例：
The boss was very adamant that the software be changed this way, so we had better listen to his demands.
老板非常坚决地要求这样修改软件，所以我们最好听听他的要求。
I completely agree with Nathan, even though we never agree on anything.
我完全同意内森的观点，尽管我们从来没有达成一致。
Sally really wanted to kiss Liam that night.
那天晚上莎莉真的很想吻利亚姆。
否定强调词
Never/At all/What on earth…?
从来没有/根本没有/到底是什么…?
e. What on earth is Mindy doing? To question Mindy’s actions.
明迪到底在干什么?质疑明迪的行为。
Why… ever…?
究竟为什么?
e. Why did I ever agree to help you move your furniture? To indicate regret or a problem.
我究竟为什么同意帮你搬家具?表示遗憾或问题。
Dangerously/Seriously/Ever again/Bitterly (goes with specific words, only, including cold, unhappy, disappointed, sad, )
危险的/严肃的/永远的/痛苦的(仅限于特定的词语，包括冷漠、不快乐、失望、悲伤)
例：
Luke never wants to see Philip ever again.
卢克再也不想见菲利普了。
My son does not want to attend this college at all!
我儿子根本不想上这所大学!
You are getting dangerously close to the edge of my patience.
你正危险地接近我的忍耐极限。
一个更大的数字
Many/Most/Some/Lots of/Numerous/Countless/A majority/Mostly/Various
很多/大多数/一些/大多数/数不尽的/大多数的/各种各样的
例：
Countless efforts have been made to change the system, but nothing has worked.
为改变这一制度已经做了无数的努力，但什么也没有奏效。
A majority of the benches in this park were donated by people from this neighborhood.
公园里的长椅大部分是由附近的人捐赠的。
Herbert was mostly just curious why you designed your office this way.
赫伯特只是好奇你为什么要这样设计你的办公室。
某事经常发生，或比你期望的更普遍
Often/Frequently/Commonly/For a long time/Usually/Sometimes/Repeatedly
经常/频繁地/通常地/长时间/常/有时/反复
例：
For a long time, I thought that all rabbits just ate carrots all the time.
很长一段时间以来，我一直以为所有的兔子都只吃胡萝卜。
She frequently stops by our shop to buy a jar of pickles.
她经常来我们店里买一罐泡菜。
I have told you repeatedly not to bother me when I am working, have I not?
我反复告诉过你，我工作时不要打扰我，是吗?
何时以及如何使用修饰词、限定词和强调词?
在很大程度上，使用这些单词和短语可以描绘出一幅更加丰富多彩和充满活力的画面，你想说什么。它们有助于提供更多的细节和显示完整的图片。
修饰语可以用在句子的任何地方，可以有多种不同的形式。限定词和强调词是经常出现在它们所修饰的词或短语前面的词或短语。然而，使用太多会使你的写作或演讲变得杂乱无章。减少你使用的单词数量和句子复杂程度的一个好方法就是复习你的写作。
例：
Very important = crucial, central, essential
非常重要=关键、中心、关键
Very unimportant = trivial, irrelevant
非常不重要=微不足道，无关紧要
Very cold = chilly or freezing
非常冷=寒冷的，冷嗖嗖的
Very hot = sweltering
非常热=闷热的
Very confusing = puzzling, perplexing
非常困惑的=令人疑惑的
Very slow = sluggish
非常慢=慢悠悠的
Very fast = speedy, rapid, swift
非常快=迅速的
Very large = enormous, giant, huge
非常大=巨大的
Very small = nonexistent, tiny
非常小=不存在的，极小的
高中英语的语法知识3
虚拟语气用法归纳
虚拟语气用法归纳
虚拟语气对于很多高中生而言都是一个困扰。难点有两个
一. 何时用?
二. 何种形式?
一、何时用?
英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气等。虚拟语气表示说话者做出的假设并非事实，或难以实现的，甚至表达相反的概念，或者表示主观愿望或某种强烈的感情。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
二、何种形式?
为方便同学们记忆，不妨简单归纳如下：
1.退后时态型
2. 情态动词+have done
3.should型。
1. 退后时态型
即依据所想表达的时间，现在的虚拟退后为过去时，过去的虚拟退后为过去的过去，即过去完成时，将来的虚拟退后为过去将来时(有些从句不用将来时，单独考虑)。
退后时态型包括：
1. if条件句 2. as if/ as though 3.even if/ even though 4. if only 5. wish 6. would rather. 以上六种从句中。
1.if虚拟条件句
如：
(1) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。eg：
If he were free now, he would help us.
要是他现在有空的话，它会帮助我们的。
(2) 过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气。eg：
If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li.
如果我早点到那儿，我就会见到了李先生。
(3) 将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气。eg
If he were to come/ should come/ came here tomorrow, he would tell us about it.
明天万一他要来的话，他会通知我们一声。
运用条件句中的虚拟语气时，须注意的几个问题:
(1) 注意：if条件句中因为主将从现，不用将来时，所以与现在时间虚拟形式一致，无非增加两种形式should do 、 were to do，整体看依然符合上述“现在的虚拟退后为过去时，过去的虚拟退后为过去的过去，即过去完成时，将来的虚拟退后为过去将来”。
(2)错综时间虚拟条件句，即主、从句的动作不是同时发生时，依据表格主从句动词形式区别对待。
①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。eg：
If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer now, too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会是工程师了
②从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。如：
If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing.
如果他今天有空的话， 我们会已经派他去北京了。
(3)含蓄条件句
without,but for, or, otherwise等词可以表达假设，相当于if条件句。主句动词形式依据时间确定
eg：
Without electricity, our life would be greatly different.
But for your help last term, I would have failed the exam.
We didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.
我们不知道他的电话号码，否则我们就会给他打电话。
(4)当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有 had, should, were时, if 省略，将 had, should, were置于句首。为方便记忆，按谐音可记为：一马当先还(had)数(should)我(were)，一马当即为将 were, should, had等词置于句首。【注】若条件从句为否定句，否定词not不提前。
eg：
(1)Were he free now, he would help us.
要是他现在有空的话，它会帮助我们的。
(2)Had I got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li.
如果我早点到那儿，就会见到了李先生。
(3)Were he to come here tomorrow, he would tell us about it.
Should he come here tomorrow, he would tell us about it.
明天万一他要来的话，他会通知我们一声。
(4)Had I not got there late, I would have met Mr. Li.
如果我早点到那儿，就会见到了李先生。
2.动词wish后接宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。
表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时(同样be动词换成were);表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时had done;
表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用过去将来时would /could+动词原形。
注意如果将wish改为过去式wished， 其后that 从句中的动词形式不变。如：
1) How I wish / If only I could be of some use.
我希望我能有什么用处。
2) How I wish / If only I had met him yesterday!
注意： 表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句谓语除用过去完成时had done外，也可以用would / could+have +过去分词(注意这里的情态动词不能用should)
I wish I could have studied hard at university.
3. would rather之后的宾语从句常表示与客观事实不相符的一种愿望，其虚拟语气的形式为：
过去虚拟 用had + done
现在或者将来虚拟 用过去时(be用were )
eg：
1)I’d rather you had seen the film yesterday.
我倒想你昨天看过了这场电影。
2)I’d rather you were here now.
我倒想你现在在这儿。
3)We’d rather you went there tomorrow.
我们倒想你明天去那儿。
4. 其他
1)When a chopstick is partly in water, it looks as if it were broken.
2)Even if he were here, there would be nothing to be done.
2. 情态动词+have done
should/ ought to/ could/ might/ needn’t/ would/ would like to/ would love to/ would rather 等情态动词后面+have done，表达对过去的虚拟，译为过去本应该，过去本能够，过去本不必等。
eg：
1) I would/ would like to have attended the concert, but an unexpected visitor came then.
2) It was Sunday yesterday; he needn’t have gone to work. (本不必去却去了)
3. should 型
1. 表达“建命要坚”等意义的词后面的名词从句中，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should可以省略。
建议：suggest/advise/propose/recommend/urge
命令：order/command
要求：demand/require/request
坚持：insist
eg：
1)The doctor advised that he change his job.
医生劝他换工作。(宾语从句)
2)The workers on strike demanded that this tax be abolished.
罢工的工人们要求取消这种税。(宾语从句)
3)The committee proposed (that) Mr. Day be elected.
委员会建议推选戴先生。(宾语从句)
4)He took no notice of the doctor’s suggestion that he (should) not smoke.
他对医生对他不要抽烟的建议置之不理。(同位语从句)
5)My proposal is that the matter be put to the vote at once.
我提议对此问题立刻进行表决。(表语从句)
6) It is required in the notice that everyone (should) wear formal suits
通知中要求所有人要着正装。(主语从句)
7)They urged that relief work should be given priority.
他们敦促将救济工作放在优先位置。
注意：
1)suggest译为“表明”、“暗示”时，不需要虚拟。
He suggested that we (should) stay for dinner.
他建议我们留下吃饭。
What he said suggested that he was a cheat.
他说的话表明他是个骗子。
2)动词insist后接宾语从句时，除可用虚拟语气外，也可用陈述语气，两者的区别是：若谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生，或尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气;若谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生，或已经成为事实，则要用陈述语气。比较：
He insisted that I had read his letter.
他坚持说我看过他的信。
He insisted that I should read his letter.
他坚持要我看他的信。
2. It is +表达情况紧迫性或者强烈情绪，观点的n/adj/done +that +主语从句，从句的谓语动词常用should+原形且should可以省略。
表示紧迫的或者表强烈情绪，观点的词如：advisable, critical, desirable, essential, imperative, important, necessary, urgent, vital, natural, strange, surprising, a pity, a miracle, desire, urge等。
eg:
1)Do you think it is necessary that he (should) not be sent to Miami.
2)It’s vital that you make a decision right now.
你立刻就做决定是至关重要的。
3)It is urged that relief work should be given priority.
他们敦促将救济工作放在优先位置。
4)It is strange that such a person should be our friend.(should表示“竟然”，不可省)
奇怪的是这样一个人会成为我们的朋友。
3. 虚拟语气句型It is 或was (high) time that +从句，从句的谓语动词形式用一般过去时
或者should do形式且该should不可以省略。
eg: It is (high) time that we went /should go to school.
4. 在for fear that，in case，lest引导的从句中，虚拟语气从句动词形式为：(should) + do，并且should能省略(for fear that，lest)，in case后不能省略。
eg:
1)She examined the door again for fear that a thief (should) come in.
她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入。
2) He started out earlier lest he (should) be late.
他早早地就出发了以防迟到。
注意：in case从句中可能性较大时，用陈述语气
eg: You’d better take an umbrella in case it rains.
